4 Meter European Wide Series ETDRS Chart 2

To facilitate reliable visual acuity screening for clinical trials and exchange of patient data between doctors, clinics and researchers throughout Europe and beyond, researchers at the University of Crete (Dr. Sotiris Plainis, Prof. Miltiadis Tsilimbaris and Prof. Ioannis Pallikaris), have developed modified ETDRS® charts that contain only capital letters that are common to all three European alphabets (Latin, Greek, Cyrillic), and are thus recognizable for a much wider population. The new charts have been validated against the original ETDRS® charts in Greece, Bulgaria and Belgium. They were found to produce comparable visual acuity scores with a test-retest repeatability of about 0.10 logMAR.